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Thursday, 26 October 2017

The Timeline of Earth 🌍

Period: Precambrian earliest period

1st organisms - Single celled (oxygen present)
Later - Multi-celled organisms

Period: Cambrian (540mya)

- Lots of different organisms
- Earliest animals with backbone
- Lots of carbon dioxide


Period: Ordovician (490mya)

- Lots of animals without skeletons

- Early shells fish (trilobites, nautilus, sea stars, fish) 
- 1st green plants (fungi, moss) 
- End of Ice Age

Period: Silurian (443mya)

- 1st Advanced plants
- Jawed fish with amour
- More shellfish 


Period: Devonian 

- 1st Ferns
- 1st fir trees with seeds
- 1st wingless insects
- 1st amphibians
- Some animals from earlier periods die out
- Moist climate cool

Period: Carboniferous (354mya)

- Swampy land 
- 1st "Coal forest" 
- Coal for over millions of years
- Early sharks and large trees
- 1st reptiles+Vertebrates
- Trilobites disappearance
- Glaciers Form 
- Winged insects


Period: Permian (290mya)

- Land masses have formed
- Glaciers disappear meaning the weather is warmer
- Lots of Reptiles
- 1st cone bearing trees 
- Beetles and Flies appear
- Lots of life in the Oceans
- 251mya 95% life ended - Meaning they all died out


Period: Triassic (248mya)

- Dinosaurs appear
- First mammals and crocodile appear
- Modern corals and fish start to appear


Period: Jurassic (206mya)

- Lots of different dinosaurs 
- Ferns and cone bearing plants 
- Mammals common but small
- First birds and lizards 
-Land mass, Pangaea breaks up into Gondwanaland and Laurasia 
- High Carbon Dioxide levels

Period: Cretaceous (144mya)

- Lots of dinosaurs including Tyrannaosaurs
- New types of insects
- Flowering plants appear and become plentiful
- Modern crocodiles and sharks
- Early birds appear
- Gondwanaland (land mass) breaks up
- Rocky mountains appear
- Carbon dioxide similar to today
- Still no humans, monkeys, or primates

Period: Paleogene (65mya) 

- Modern plants
- Lots of different mammals
- Dinosaurs are not extinct (unclear reason as to why)
- Primitive whales
- First grasses
- Rapid changes in mammals as they become more complex
- Climates cools
- Ice age begins and ends during this period
- The Sahara Desert was covered in grass

Period: Neogene (23mya)

- Modern climate
- Modern mammals and birds
- Horses evolve from dog like animals
- Lots of grasses
- First Apes appear
- Southern Alps of New Zealand appear (yay!)

Period: Quaternary (1.8mya - present)

- Anatomically correct, modern humans
- Human stone age culture
- Ice age comes and goes
- Sahara forms from grassland
- Humans begin agriculture and farming
- Stone age > Bronze age (3300BC) > Iron age (1120BC)
- Industrial revolution leads to rises in carbon dioxide levels
- Today we are in the technology revolution.






A Day On Quail Island 🐦

Yesterday morning, wearing mufti and huge smiles on our faces, the entire Year Eight group ventured out to Quail Island for a daytrip. Although it was chilly at times, and the walks and hills we encountered were quite tiring, we all had a fantastic time both on the boat trip and on the island! We learnt many things along the way, and I am excited to share it with you! Here is our experience, and a brief history, on Quail Island.  

What is Quail Island?

Quail Island is a small uninhabited island located off the Lyttelton Harbour, just a short boat trip away. Back in the early 20th century, Quail Island was used as a human quarantine area for leprosy patients coming off boats and living in Christchurch. 
It was also used for Maori to hunt for quails (which are now extinct) bird's eggs, stone, flax, and also for farming and training dogs. As of 2017, the island is home to a beach, walks, penguins, native birds and trees, as well as introduced species of trees and birds. Black Cat Cruises is a company offering a ferry service to and from the island everyday. 


Heading to the Island!
As Lyttelton Harbour is quite a long distance east of our school, we were required to take a bus. It took about fifteen minutes to get there, and I was excited to get off by the end of it! 
Lyttelton Harbour was less than inviting - the sky was overcast, grey clouds glooming above us, the smell of sea water thick in the air as we approached the dock.
In the water was a small jetty boat, bold lettering displaying 'Black Cat Cruises' on the side. Excitedly, yet a little nervous at the events to come, we filed onto the two boats.
Surprisingly, the boats were very cosy. There was a top deck, as well as a deck around the sides, and a large area inside with seats and a bar. Me and my friends stood at the front of the boat, admiring the views and snapping photos. The boat departed almost immediately, speeding across the waves like a cheetah. It was much faster than the ferry is all I can say!

Arriving at the island after a short boat ride was amazing. We approached the dock, climbing off and seeing a large group of kids that had already arrived. The island was much larger than I anticipated. Tall trees sprouted from all ends, steep cliffs faced the harbour, and the water splashed beautifully against the rocks. We were greeted by our tour guides Ian and Tina, would be guiding us around the island in groups. My class had our ecological tour first, accompanied by Tina, Mr Mitchell, Jill, and Mr Gibson. 

An Ecological Tour of The Island
This tour would involve a very tiring walk up a hill, looping around the island to see the incredible view of the harbour. Walking up, Tina told us all about the different kinds of trees found on the land. Quail Island is home to a variety of both Evergreen and Deciduous trees; native species as well as introduced species.  

We learnt about pine trees, which originate from California but surprisingly grow much taller in New Zealand than they do back in the states, due to a number of reasons including higher rainfall and medium temperatures. The island is also home to many bushes, including bushes belonging to the Coprosma family - which contains seeds used to create coffee. 

Heading back, Tina told us all about when the trees were planted, and what pattern. Originally, trees were planted in a cross shape across the island. Tina, as well as her tour group, are working towards restoring the island to it's original state before human settlers.

The History of Quail Island
After lunch, our tour guide Ian brought us on a tour around the 'Ship's Graveyard', teaching us about the history of the island. We got to see a replica of an old leprosy house, rebuilt by students from Canterbury University. Originally there were four houses on the island; inhabited by patients suffering from leprosy. Leprosy is one of the many diseases humans were quarantined on the island for, in which patients may lose their nose, toes, fingers and ears, among another limbs. 

The Ship's Graveyard is home to an array of old shipwrecks. Off the beach lays the remains of three sunken boats. The remains look like rib cages, however Ian informed us that these were only the iron structures of the boats. The boats were built for speed, and sailed between Britain and India for tea leaves. They were towed somewhere between the 19th and 20th century, and now are an amazing view for visitors of the island. 

We also visited the assumed gravesite of the only death on the island; Ivon Skelton. Due to the time period he died, searches for the body have been unsuccessful, and as a result the gravestone is not on the final burial site. This was personally the most fascinating thing on the island in my opinion. Ivon was born in Samoa and contracted leprosy while visiting relatives on the West Coast. He was the only recorded death on the island. 

In conclusion, I had an amazing time on the island. It was one of the most fascinating and interesting things I've ever seen! I visited the oldest building I'd ever been in, visited a grave site and saw the remains of sunken boats used in the 19th century and beyond. I learnt so much about the history of the island, as well as many different kinds of trees and birds on the island. I'm already planning to go back again! 

Tuesday, 24 October 2017

"The Boat Docked In a Moonlit Harbour" Writing

Draft: “The Boat Docked in a Moonlit Harbour”


When my friends came back from school holidays, having spent time sailing the sparkling seas, mind full of fascinating tales about their experiences, I couldn’t relate to any of it. The truth is, I hadn’t stepped foot on a boat for an entire twelve years of my life, as the most ‘sea sailing’ I’d done was crouching in a kayak beached on the saturated sand of Pegasus Bay. So when I found myself in the passenger seat of my Dad’s truck, as he backed it onto the Bluebridge Ferry docked in Picton Harbour two Sundays ago, I couldn’t but feel uneasy; yet somewhat eager for the events to come, waiting expectantly on the horizon.


The tires squealed to a halt. Dad pulled the key from the ignition, killing the engine off as workers sporting hi-vis vests fastened the truck onto the walls with hooks. I remembered his words prior to this - ‘there are trucks all around us so we’d need to get out fast.’ - and I found his statement to be true. Clambering out of the truck, I observed as the vehicles were packed together like sausages, with even more driving on. The deck was dark and cold, water dripping down the walls and from pipes.


Dad and I squeezed past bumpers and headlights, before finally reaching a door marked ‘Passenger entry’ - and suddenly, I realised I was finally on a proper boat.
“I’m so nervous,” I remarked to Dad, gazing up at the enormous flights of stairs standing before us. “There’s nothing to be worried about,” he muttered, being the ‘experienced sailor’ he’s become, as we began trudging up the stairway, the boat’s engines rumbling and quivering ominously below us.


The bag on my shoulder felt like I was holding a boulder and my legs felt like fire, reaching the top of the stairs breathlessly. In front of us was what I guessed to be the lounge room and cafe; a swanky, dimly-lit area occupied by only a few passengers, truckers, and workers. Beyond enormous glass windows was a breathtaking view of the Marlborough Sounds in front of us, Picton Harbour casting a pale light to illuminate the gentle waves. My father purchased the ticket and meal, before the boat’s safety announcement swept us off onto the top deck, to watch us depart.

“Are you excited?” Dad asked, pushing open the heavy door. “Yeah,” I grinned eagerly, stepping out onto the deck. The floor was slippery underneath us, the wind bitter-cold; sharp against my cheek like a knife. A steep flight of stairs lead us both to the top deck. It was even colder up here, as if it was even possible. The views from the top deck were magnificent; Picton Harbour lit up behind us magically, and all at once, an unusual sensation rippled across the boat, lurching once before beginning to slowly move swiftly through the sounds. I took a deep breath, standing at the icy bars of the railing and gazing out at the night sky; knowing that this was only the fragile beginning of my amazing adventure.

After completing my draft, my writing buddy Nadia read it over and wrote some helpful feedback. 


This is my final piece of my writing. I used Nadia's feedback, as well as mistakes I found while proofreading, to write it. 

Final: “The Boat Docked in a Moonlit Harbour”

When my friends came back from school holidays, having spent time sailing the sparkling seas, mind full of enchanting tales about their experiences, I couldn’t possibly find myself relating to any of it. The truth is, I hadn’t stepped foot, let alone sailed on a boat for the first twelve years of my life. I was so inexperienced in fact, that the most ‘sea sailing’ I’d done was sitting in an old kayak beached on the saturated sand of Pegasus Bay. So as I found myself in the passenger seat of my Dad’s moving truck, as he backed it onto the Bluebridge Ferry docked in Picton Harbour two Sundays ago, I couldn’t but feel uneasy; yet somewhat eager for the evening’s events to come, waiting expectantly on the horizon.

The tires squealed to a halt. Dad pulled the key from the ignition, killing the engine off as workers sporting bright, hi-vis vests clipped the truck to the walls with hooks, with a large CLANG! I remembered his words from just a few hours ago. “There are trucks all around us,” he’d said. “-so we’ll need to get out fast.” I found his statement to be completely honest. Clumsily clambering down from the truck, I observed as the vehicles were packed together like sausages. Somewhere behind me, the boat jolted, an engine roaring. ‘Another truck,’ I guessed, trying not to let myself become too nervous. The car deck was dark and unusually cold, steady streams of water dripping like blood down the tall concrete walls. This made my stomach churn; I was definitely feeling more afraid now.

Dad and I squeezed past the dark sea of bumpers and headlights, the bitter smell of gasoline thick in the air. Finally approaching a door marked ‘Passenger entry’, the boat swaying slightly, it dawned on me that I was finally on the boat, and I couldn’t possibly be more petrified.  
“I’m so nervous,” I remarked to no one in particular. Gazing up at the enormous flights of stairs standing before us, he said: “There’s nothing to be worried about,” being the ‘experienced sailor’ he so obviously is. Rolling my eyes, we began trudging up the stairway, footsteps echoing, the boat’s fiery engines rumbling ominously below us.

The bag slung lazily across my shoulder felt like a ton of bricks and my legs burned as if they had been set alight, as we reached the top of the stairs breathlessly. In front of us was what I guessed to be the lounge room and cafe. It was a swanky, dimly-lit area, occupied by only a few passengers, truckers, and workers, more trickling in as the time ticked on. Beyond enormous glass windows in front of it, was a breathtaking view of the Marlborough Sounds in front of us, Picton Harbour casting a pale light to illuminate the gentle waves. ‘Behold the view,’ - fateful words from a book I’d read only months earlier circulated in my head. I crept towards the magnificent sight in awe. My father purchased the ticket, wolfing down the small meal quickly. It was only the boat’s safety announcement that would sweep us off to the top deck, to observe our departure in full glory.
“Are you excited?” Dad asked, pushing open the heavy metal doors
.
“I guess,” I grinned eagerly, before stepping out onto the deck behind him.

The ground was slippery with water underneath my boots, the Picton wind bitter-cold and sharp; cutting menacingly against my cheek like a knife. A steep flight of stairs lead to the top deck. I quickly discovered it to be even colder up here, as if it that was possible. The views from the top deck were magnificent; Picton Harbour lit up behind us magically, and all at once, an unusual sensation rippled across the boat, lurching once before beginning to slowly move swiftly towards, and through, the Marlborough Sounds. I took a deep breath of relief, exhaling and watching dense swirls of pale mist erupt in front of me.

I stood at the icy bars of the railing, gazing out at the captivating night sky and the stars that twinkled above me... knowing that this was only the fragile beginning of my unbelievably-incredible journey. It was my first experience on a boat, and I was incredible lucky to spend it with my Dad.


I then gave myself an assessment based on a writing rubric. For punctuation I gave myself an R7, for sentence structure I gave myself an R5, and for vocabulary I gave myself an R6. I believe I used a range of different punctuation correctly, and an extensive range of vocab that I wouldn't use in punctuation. I gave myself an R5 for sentence structure because I believe I could have used a bit of a larger range.
I also included many other details including an onomatopoeia. 
I was given the same ranks by both my buddy and Mr Mitchell, however I underestimated my rank for sentence structure. 

Thank you to Nadia and Mr Mitchell or giving me such lovely feedback! It is appreciated :) 

Thursday, 19 October 2017

My Uru Manuka Logo Design Entry!

The Uru Manuka cluster based in Hornby, Christchurch, including my own school, Hornby High, is looking for a new logo. 
As I enjoy art and designing in my own time, I thought, why not? Here is my own entry for the logo competition.

The flower seen on top is a symbol of New Zealand nature - it is a flower native to our own country and is found in Christchurch. 

The Uru Manuka is the name of the organisation, along with it's slogan, 'Inspiring Futures'. I made sure my logo was still recognizable with different colours, when it's small or enlarged, and looks simple. I ensured my design has no copyright (filtering images for reuse) and reverse image searching on Google to look for similar looking results if there were any.

I am really proud of my logo design and can't wait to enter it in the competition. 

My Own Logo Design!




This is the logo I created using Google Drawings. 
I created this logo because my first initial is 'J' and my friends find me to be 'sassy' and 'wanting attention' hence the crown :) 

My next task is to design an original, thoughtful logo for the Uru Manuka competition.